United Kingdom economy

GBP · Bank of England · Inflation, employment, growth and public debt.

Data snapshot 15 Nov 2026

Inflation & consumer prices

Inflation measures the annual change in consumer prices.

Headline vs core inflation

Year over year · Annual or quarterly averages

Headline3.88%Core4.09%

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Complete annual averages · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted complete annual averages: Headline: 3.88% (Dec 2025); Core: 4.09% (Dec 2025).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Headline vs core inflation · % · Complete annual averages
Date	Headline	Core
31 Dec 2025	3.88	4.09
31 Dec 2024	3.28	4.38
31 Dec 2023	6.84	5.84
31 Dec 2022	7.90	5.30
31 Dec 2021	2.52	2.32
31 Dec 2020	0.99	1.45
31 Dec 2019	1.74	1.71
31 Dec 2018	2.29	1.93
31 Dec 2017	2.56	2.32
31 Dec 2016	1.01	1.57
31 Dec 2015	0.37	1.28
31 Dec 2014	1.45	1.60
31 Dec 2013	2.29	1.86
31 Dec 2012	2.58	2.12
31 Dec 2011	3.85	2.80
31 Dec 2010	2.49	1.99
31 Dec 2009	1.97	1.64
31 Dec 2008	3.52	1.93
31 Dec 2007	2.39	1.93
31 Dec 2006	2.45	1.73
31 Dec 2005	2.09	1.51
31 Dec 2004	1.39	1.07
31 Dec 2003	1.38	1.28
31 Dec 2002	1.52	1.48
31 Dec 2001	1.53	1.07
31 Dec 2000	1.18	0.08
31 Dec 1999	1.75	0.74
31 Dec 1998	1.82	1.45
31 Dec 1997	2.20	1.88
31 Dec 1996	2.85	2.15
31 Dec 1995	2.70	3.33
31 Dec 1994	2.22	2.52
31 Dec 1993	2.56	1.40
31 Dec 1992	4.62	4.12
31 Dec 1991	7.48	5.85
31 Dec 1990	8.04	9.68
31 Dec 1989	5.76	8.31
31 Dec 1988	4.15	5.58
31 Dec 1987	4.15	4.80
31 Dec 1986	3.44	4.54
31 Dec 1985	6.07	6.86
31 Dec 1984	4.96	5.22
31 Dec 1983	4.61	4.42
31 Dec 1982	8.66	8.27
31 Dec 1981	11.89	11.13
31 Dec 1980	18.07	18.33
31 Dec 1979	13.35	13.14
31 Dec 1978	8.28	9.62
31 Dec 1977	15.89	15.51
31 Dec 1976	Not available	Not available

Data sources & definitions

Headline: Dec 1977–Dec 2025 · Core: Dec 1977–Dec 2025

The price of the consumer basket

Long-run CPI level · Annual or quarterly averages

Index · Dec 1976 = 100; 150 means prices are 50% higher

Consumer price index763.1

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Complete annual averages · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted complete annual averages: Consumer price index: 763.10 index (Dec 2025).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

The price of the consumer basket · index · Complete annual averages
Date	Consumer price index
31 Dec 2025	763.10
31 Dec 2024	734.58
31 Dec 2023	711.31
31 Dec 2022	666.05
31 Dec 2021	617.16
31 Dec 2020	602.00
31 Dec 2019	596.10
31 Dec 2018	585.92
31 Dec 2017	572.79
31 Dec 2016	558.50
31 Dec 2015	552.93
31 Dec 2014	550.90
31 Dec 2013	543.02
31 Dec 2012	530.85
31 Dec 2011	517.53
31 Dec 2010	498.32
31 Dec 2009	486.20
31 Dec 2008	476.85
31 Dec 2007	460.62
31 Dec 2006	449.89
31 Dec 2005	439.11
31 Dec 2004	430.12
31 Dec 2003	424.22
31 Dec 2002	418.46
31 Dec 2001	412.19
31 Dec 2000	405.97
31 Dec 1999	401.23
31 Dec 1998	394.31
31 Dec 1997	387.26
31 Dec 1996	378.92
31 Dec 1995	368.42
31 Dec 1994	358.74
31 Dec 1993	350.95
31 Dec 1992	342.20
31 Dec 1991	327.17
31 Dec 1990	304.46
31 Dec 1989	281.74
31 Dec 1988	266.39
31 Dec 1987	255.77
31 Dec 1986	245.58
31 Dec 1985	237.44
31 Dec 1984	223.85
31 Dec 1983	213.27
31 Dec 1982	203.87
31 Dec 1981	187.73
31 Dec 1980	167.80
31 Dec 1979	142.24
31 Dec 1978	125.41
31 Dec 1977	115.84
31 Dec 1976	100.00

Data sources & definitions

Consumer price index: Dec 1976–Dec 2025

Core inflation removes selected volatile items; national exclusions differ. Excluding food and energy; national CPI, 2015=100; COICOP 1999. Latest published vintage. Annual views use complete-year averages; quarterly views use complete-quarter averages or the source’s native quarterly observation. The current partial period stays out of these averages. Actual coverage is shown beneath every chart.

CPI breakdown

Select a category to view its price history.

Inside the consumer basket

Every published major category. Select one to explore its history.

CategoryPrice change · YoY

Growth of each category’s quarterly average price index, compared with the same quarter a year earlier. These are price changes, not weighted contributions to inflation. Categories vary by country.

Choose another category ↑

Food and non-alcoholic beverages

COICOP 1999 · Relative price history

Index · Dec 1976 = 100; 150 means prices are 50% higher

Food and non-alcoholic beverages703.7

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Complete annual averages · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted complete annual averages: Food and non-alcoholic beverages: 703.69 index (Dec 2025).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Food and non-alcoholic beverages · index · Complete annual averages
Date	Food and non-alcoholic beverages
31 Dec 2025	703.69
31 Dec 2024	675.35
31 Dec 2023	657.66
31 Dec 2022	574.02
31 Dec 2021	517.45
31 Dec 2020	515.92
31 Dec 2019	512.24
31 Dec 2018	505.30
31 Dec 2017	495.01
31 Dec 2016	484.10
31 Dec 2015	495.88
31 Dec 2014	509.02
31 Dec 2013	509.97
31 Dec 2012	491.62
31 Dec 2011	476.17
31 Dec 2010	451.33
31 Dec 2009	436.41
31 Dec 2008	413.77
31 Dec 2007	379.06
31 Dec 2006	362.69
31 Dec 2005	354.18
31 Dec 2004	348.89
31 Dec 2003	346.16
31 Dec 2002	341.74
31 Dec 2001	338.97
31 Dec 2000	326.70
31 Dec 1999	328.27
31 Dec 1998	327.45
31 Dec 1997	324.10
31 Dec 1996	324.64
31 Dec 1995	314.68
31 Dec 1994	303.60
31 Dec 1993	301.00
31 Dec 1992	296.08
31 Dec 1991	289.88
31 Dec 1990	275.34
31 Dec 1989	254.80
31 Dec 1988	241.25
31 Dec 1987	233.41
31 Dec 1986	226.33
31 Dec 1985	219.04
31 Dec 1984	210.59
31 Dec 1983	198.89
31 Dec 1982	191.85
31 Dec 1981	178.03
31 Dec 1980	163.79
31 Dec 1979	144.23
31 Dec 1978	128.07
31 Dec 1977	118.79
31 Dec 1976	100.00

Data sources & definitions

Food and non-alcoholic beverages: Dec 1976–Dec 2025

Food and non-alcoholic beverages; national CPI, 2015=100; COICOP 1999. Latest published vintage.

Reading the inflation and price data

Read the United Kingdom inflation figures in two passes. First compare headline inflation with the available core measure over the same observation period. Headline covers the broad consumer basket; core excludes selected components under the source's definition. A difference between them describes the composition of price changes. It does not, on its own, establish which prices will move next.

The consumer-price index answers a different question from the inflation rate. Inflation describes how quickly prices change; the index tracks the price level. Lower positive inflation therefore means prices are rising more slowly, rather than returning to their earlier level. In a rebased chart, 100 is the starting point and 150 represents a price level 50% above that starting point.

Use the long annual view to compare cycles and the quarterly view to examine more recent changes where those histories are available. Complete annual and quarterly averages differ from the latest monthly reading. Partial periods are excluded from those averages, and missing observations are left missing. The table beneath each chart retains the plotted dates and values.

Check the coverage and source notes before comparing countries or categories. Reference bases, exclusions and publication frequencies can differ. The page snapshot date identifies this published collection; each observation keeps its own period. Explore the price charts and available basket categories on this page before continuing into employment and the wider economy.

Employment & unemployment

Unemployment is a share of the labour force. Employment / population is a share of everyone aged 15 and older, including people outside the labour force.

Unemployment through the cycle

Share of the labour force · Ages 16+ · Official published observations

Unemployment4.85%

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Complete annual averages · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted complete annual averages: Unemployment: 4.85% (Dec 2025).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Unemployment through the cycle · % · Complete annual averages
Date	Unemployment
31 Dec 2025	4.85
31 Dec 2024	4.29
31 Dec 2023	4.08
31 Dec 2022	3.78
31 Dec 2021	4.54
31 Dec 2020	4.60
31 Dec 2019	3.85
31 Dec 2018	4.08
31 Dec 2017	4.38
31 Dec 2016	4.89
31 Dec 2015	5.38
31 Dec 2014	6.18
31 Dec 2013	7.58
31 Dec 2012	7.98
31 Dec 2011	8.09
31 Dec 2010	7.89
31 Dec 2009	7.61
31 Dec 2008	5.71
31 Dec 2007	5.33
31 Dec 2006	5.42
31 Dec 2005	4.84
31 Dec 2004	4.75
31 Dec 2003	5.01
31 Dec 2002	5.18
31 Dec 2001	5.08
31 Dec 2000	5.45
31 Dec 1999	5.98
31 Dec 1998	6.27
31 Dec 1997	6.98
31 Dec 1996	8.12
31 Dec 1995	8.66
31 Dec 1994	9.50
31 Dec 1993	10.40
31 Dec 1992	9.87
31 Dec 1991	8.57
31 Dec 1990	6.88
31 Dec 1989	7.09
31 Dec 1988	8.49
31 Dec 1987	10.34
31 Dec 1986	11.24
31 Dec 1985	11.21
31 Dec 1984	10.87
31 Dec 1983	10.86

Data sources & definitions

Unemployment: Dec 1983–Dec 2025

Employed / population · Ages 15 and older

Annual ILO estimates via World Bank · % of population aged 15+

Employed / population58.46%

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Annual observations · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted annual observations: Employed / population: 58.46% (Dec 2025).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Employed / population · Ages 15 and older · % · Annual observations
Date	Employed / population
31 Dec 2025	58.46
31 Dec 2024	58.87
31 Dec 2023	59.32
31 Dec 2022	59.57
31 Dec 2021	58.96
31 Dec 2020	59.78
31 Dec 2019	60.34
31 Dec 2018	60.02
31 Dec 2017	59.60
31 Dec 2016	59.34
31 Dec 2015	58.79
31 Dec 2014	58.16
31 Dec 2013	57.20
31 Dec 2012	56.86
31 Dec 2011	56.72
31 Dec 2010	56.87
31 Dec 2009	57.23
31 Dec 2008	58.61
31 Dec 2007	58.60
31 Dec 2006	58.70

Data sources & definitions

Employed / population: Dec 2006–Dec 2025

Unemployment counts people without work who are available and seeking work, as a share of the labour force. It is not 100% minus the employment / population ratio. National age definitions differ. Monthly or quarterly official figures are used where available; the annual fallback is an ILO modelled estimate via World Bank. Each chart retains its observation dates.

GDP growth

Inflation-adjusted output · Published source values with their observation periods.

Real GDP growth

Year over year · Latest published values · Annual or quarterly observations as available

UK1.94%US2.07%

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Quarterly samples · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted quarterly samples: UK: 1.94% (Sept 2026); US: 2.07% (Sept 2026).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Real GDP growth · % · Quarterly samples
Date	UK	US
30 Sept 2026	1.94	2.07
30 Jun 2026	1.37	2.19
31 Mar 2026	0.84	2.64
31 Dec 2025	0.80	2.05
30 Sept 2025	1.15	2.60
30 Jun 2025	1.14	2.42
31 Mar 2025	1.76	2.31
31 Dec 2024	1.90	2.64
30 Sept 2024	1.27	2.95
30 Jun 2024	0.94	3.29
31 Mar 2024	0.36	2.93
31 Dec 2023	-0.22	3.42
30 Sept 2023	0.32	3.18
30 Jun 2023	0.58	2.74
31 Mar 2023	1.10	2.33
31 Dec 2022	1.82	1.23
30 Sept 2022	2.94	2.23
30 Jun 2022	4.59	2.34
31 Mar 2022	11.27	3.98
30 Sept 2021	9.12	5.27
30 Jun 2021	25.39	12.56
31 Mar 2021	-6.16	1.92
31 Dec 2020	-7.83	-0.92
30 Sept 2020	-8.92	-1.36
30 Jun 2020	-21.58	-7.40
31 Mar 2020	-1.85	1.36
31 Dec 2019	1.55	3.35
30 Sept 2019	1.54	2.80
30 Jun 2019	1.26	2.24
31 Mar 2019	1.21	1.93
31 Dec 2018	0.72	2.13
30 Sept 2018	1.42	3.13
30 Jun 2018	1.82	3.30
31 Mar 2018	2.62	3.33
31 Dec 2017	3.73	2.99
30 Sept 2017	3.51	2.41
30 Jun 2017	3.12	2.33
31 Mar 2017	2.89	2.09
31 Dec 2016	2.28	2.18
30 Sept 2016	2.21	1.81
30 Jun 2016	2.29	1.49
31 Mar 2016	2.09	1.80
31 Dec 2015	1.82	2.12
30 Sept 2015	1.96	2.45
30 Jun 2015	2.29	3.28
31 Mar 2015	2.64	3.97
31 Dec 2014	3.20	2.69
30 Sept 2014	3.25	3.06
30 Jun 2014	3.24	2.69
31 Mar 2014	3.09	1.65
31 Dec 2013	2.66	3.01
30 Sept 2013	1.81	2.24
30 Jun 2013	2.00	1.52
31 Mar 2013	1.19	1.70
31 Dec 2012	1.85	1.55
30 Sept 2012	2.03	2.57
30 Jun 2012	1.30	2.40
31 Mar 2012	1.42	2.64
31 Dec 2011	0.52	1.54
30 Sept 2011	0.58	0.94
30 Jun 2011	0.98	1.74
31 Mar 2011	2.14	2.04
31 Dec 2010	2.94	2.78
30 Sept 2010	3.12	3.34
30 Jun 2010	2.62	2.91
31 Mar 2010	1.12	1.75
31 Dec 2009	-1.83	0.11
30 Sept 2009	-4.23	-3.13
30 Jun 2009	-5.85	-3.98
31 Mar 2009	-6.04	-3.23
31 Dec 2008	-3.75	-2.54
30 Sept 2008	-0.82	0.27
30 Jun 2008	1.67	1.38
31 Mar 2008	3.09	1.39
31 Dec 2007	3.88	2.13
30 Sept 2007	3.40	2.37
30 Jun 2007	2.68	1.93
31 Mar 2007	2.00	1.58

Data sources & definitions

UK: Mar 2007–Sept 2026 · US: Mar 2007–Sept 2026

Year-over-year growth compares real output with the same period a year earlier. Annual growth is used where quarterly coverage is unavailable.

Government debt

General-government gross debt relative to annual GDP, or in US dollars.

Debt relative to the economy

Annual history · General government · % of GDP

General-government gross debt102.10%

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Annual observations · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted annual observations: General-government gross debt: 102.10% (Dec 2025).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Debt relative to the economy · % · Annual observations
Date	General-government gross debt
31 Dec 2025	102.10
31 Dec 2024	99.40
31 Dec 2023	98.30
31 Dec 2022	97.10
31 Dec 2021	103.00
31 Dec 2020	104.40
31 Dec 2019	84.50
31 Dec 2018	85.30
31 Dec 2017	85.90
31 Dec 2016	87.20
31 Dec 2015	87.30
31 Dec 2014	86.40
31 Dec 2013	84.80
31 Dec 2012	84.00
31 Dec 2011	81.00
31 Dec 2010	75.50
31 Dec 2009	64.60
31 Dec 2008	50.70
31 Dec 2007	43.10
31 Dec 2006	42.10
31 Dec 2005	41.00
31 Dec 2004	39.80
31 Dec 2003	36.80
31 Dec 2002	35.50
31 Dec 2001	35.00
31 Dec 2000	37.70
31 Dec 1999	40.40
31 Dec 1998	42.00
31 Dec 1997	44.10
31 Dec 1996	43.70
31 Dec 1995	43.70
31 Dec 1994	40.80
31 Dec 1993	38.00
31 Dec 1992	33.30
31 Dec 1991	28.50
31 Dec 1990	28.50
31 Dec 1989	32.60
31 Dec 1988	37.10
31 Dec 1987	39.30
31 Dec 1986	41.40
31 Dec 1985	41.40
31 Dec 1984	42.30
31 Dec 1983	41.90
31 Dec 1982	43.10
31 Dec 1981	44.80
31 Dec 1980	42.70

Data sources & definitions

General-government gross debt: Dec 1980–Dec 2025

Debt-to-GDP compares a debt stock with a year of economic output. Historical reported values and IMF staff estimates; current and future years are excluded. Gross debt does not subtract financial assets. Accounting coverage differs by economy.

Interest rates

Current Bank of England policy: 4.00% · 10 Nov 2026

UK policy-rate history

Published policy observations · Compare with United States

UK4.00%US3.88%

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Quarterly samples · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted quarterly samples: UK: 4.00% (Nov 2026); US: 3.88% (Nov 2026).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

UK policy-rate history · % · Quarterly samples
Date	UK	US
10 Nov 2026	Not available	3.88
9 Nov 2026	4.00	Not available
30 Sept 2026	3.75	3.88
30 Jun 2026	3.75	3.63
31 Mar 2026	3.75	3.63
31 Dec 2025	3.75	3.63
30 Sept 2025	4.00	4.13
30 Jun 2025	4.25	4.38
31 Mar 2025	4.50	4.38
31 Dec 2024	4.75	4.38
30 Sept 2024	5.00	4.88
30 Jun 2024	Not available	5.38
28 Jun 2024	5.25	Not available
31 Mar 2024	Not available	5.38
28 Mar 2024	5.25	Not available
31 Dec 2023	Not available	5.38
29 Dec 2023	5.25	Not available
30 Sept 2023	Not available	5.38
29 Sept 2023	5.25	Not available
30 Jun 2023	5.00	5.13
31 Mar 2023	4.25	4.88
31 Dec 2022	Not available	4.38
30 Dec 2022	3.50	Not available
30 Sept 2022	2.25	3.13
30 Jun 2022	1.25	1.63
31 Mar 2022	0.75	0.38
31 Dec 2021	0.25	0.13
30 Sept 2021	0.10	0.13
30 Jun 2021	0.10	0.13
31 Mar 2021	0.10	0.13
31 Dec 2020	0.10	0.13
30 Sept 2020	0.10	0.13
30 Jun 2020	0.10	0.13
31 Mar 2020	0.10	0.13
31 Dec 2019	0.75	1.63
30 Sept 2019	0.75	1.88
30 Jun 2019	Not available	2.38
28 Jun 2019	0.75	Not available
31 Mar 2019	Not available	2.38
29 Mar 2019	0.75	Not available
31 Dec 2018	0.75	2.38
30 Sept 2018	Not available	2.13
28 Sept 2018	0.75	Not available
30 Jun 2018	Not available	1.88
29 Jun 2018	0.50	Not available
31 Mar 2018	Not available	1.63
29 Mar 2018	0.50	Not available
31 Dec 2017	Not available	1.38
29 Dec 2017	0.50	Not available
30 Sept 2017	Not available	1.13
29 Sept 2017	0.25	Not available
30 Jun 2017	0.25	1.13
31 Mar 2017	0.25	0.88
31 Dec 2016	Not available	0.63
30 Dec 2016	0.25	Not available
30 Sept 2016	0.25	0.38
30 Jun 2016	0.50	0.38
31 Mar 2016	0.50	0.38
31 Dec 2015	0.50	0.38
30 Sept 2015	0.50	0.13
30 Jun 2015	0.50	0.13
31 Mar 2015	0.50	0.13
31 Dec 2014	0.50	0.13
30 Sept 2014	0.50	0.13
30 Jun 2014	0.50	0.13
31 Mar 2014	0.50	0.13
31 Dec 2013	0.50	0.13
30 Sept 2013	0.50	0.13
30 Jun 2013	Not available	0.13
28 Jun 2013	0.50	Not available
31 Mar 2013	Not available	0.13
28 Mar 2013	0.50	Not available
31 Dec 2012	0.50	0.13
30 Sept 2012	Not available	0.13
28 Sept 2012	0.50	Not available
30 Jun 2012	Not available	0.13
29 Jun 2012	0.50	Not available
31 Mar 2012	Not available	0.13
30 Mar 2012	0.50	Not available
31 Dec 2011	Not available	0.13
30 Dec 2011	0.50	Not available
30 Sept 2011	0.50	0.13
30 Jun 2011	0.50	0.13
31 Mar 2011	0.50	0.13
31 Dec 2010	0.50	0.13
30 Sept 2010	0.50	0.13
30 Jun 2010	0.50	0.13
31 Mar 2010	0.50	0.13
31 Dec 2009	0.50	0.13
30 Sept 2009	0.50	0.13
30 Jun 2009	0.50	0.13
31 Mar 2009	0.50	0.13
31 Dec 2008	2.00	0.13
30 Sept 2008	5.00	2.00
30 Jun 2008	5.00	2.00
31 Mar 2008	5.25	2.25
31 Dec 2007	5.50	4.25
30 Sept 2007	Not available	4.75
28 Sept 2007	5.75	Not available
30 Jun 2007	Not available	5.25
29 Jun 2007	5.50	Not available
31 Mar 2007	Not available	5.25
30 Mar 2007	5.25	Not available
31 Dec 2006	Not available	5.25
29 Dec 2006	5.00	Not available
30 Sept 2006	Not available	5.25
29 Sept 2006	4.75	Not available
30 Jun 2006	4.50	5.25
31 Mar 2006	4.50	4.75
31 Dec 2005	Not available	4.25
30 Dec 2005	4.50	Not available
30 Sept 2005	4.50	3.75
30 Jun 2005	4.75	3.25
31 Mar 2005	4.75	2.75
31 Dec 2004	4.75	2.25
30 Sept 2004	4.75	1.75
30 Jun 2004	4.50	1.25
31 Mar 2004	4.00	1.00
31 Dec 2003	3.75	1.00
30 Sept 2003	3.50	1.00
30 Jun 2003	3.75	1.00
31 Mar 2003	3.75	1.25
31 Dec 2002	4.00	1.25
30 Sept 2002	4.00	1.75
30 Jun 2002	Not available	1.75
28 Jun 2002	4.00	Not available
31 Mar 2002	Not available	1.75
28 Mar 2002	4.00	Not available
31 Dec 2001	4.00	1.75
30 Sept 2001	Not available	3.00
28 Sept 2001	4.75	Not available
30 Jun 2001	Not available	3.75
29 Jun 2001	5.25	Not available
31 Mar 2001	Not available	5.00
30 Mar 2001	5.75	Not available
31 Dec 2000	Not available	6.50
29 Dec 2000	6.00	Not available
30 Sept 2000	Not available	6.50
29 Sept 2000	6.00	Not available
30 Jun 2000	6.00	6.50
31 Mar 2000	6.00	6.00
31 Dec 1999	Not available	5.50
30 Dec 1999	5.50	Not available
30 Sept 1999	5.25	5.25
30 Jun 1999	5.00	5.00
31 Mar 1999	5.50	4.75
31 Dec 1998	6.25	4.75
30 Sept 1998	7.50	5.25
30 Jun 1998	7.50	5.50
31 Mar 1998	7.25	5.50
31 Dec 1997	7.25	5.50
30 Sept 1997	7.00	5.50
30 Jun 1997	6.50	5.50
31 Mar 1997	Not available	5.50
27 Mar 1997	5.94	Not available
31 Dec 1996	5.94	5.25
30 Nov 1996	Not available	5.25
29 Nov 1996	5.94	Not available

Data sources & definitions

UK: Nov 1996–Nov 2026 · US: Nov 1996–Nov 2026

Policy benchmark definitionsCoverage and instrument changes

United Kingdom: From 3 Aug 2006 onwards: official bank rate; from 6 May 1997 to 2 Aug 2006: repo rate; from 20 Aug 1981 to 5 May 1997: minimum Bank of England Band 1 dealing rate; from 16 Oct 1972 to 19 Aug 1981: minimum lending rate; from 1 Jan 1946 to 15 Oct 1972: bank rate.

United States: From 19 Dec 1985 onwards: mid-point of the Federal Reserve target rate; from 1 Jul 1954 to 18 Dec 1985: US Fed Funds effective rate.

Upcoming releases

Full calendar ↗

Tue17Nov1 release

United Kingdom

Employment report

ImportantScheduled

Period 2026-09 · Date onlyTime unconfirmedView detailsClose details

Jobs and unemployment data help describe labour demand and the strength of the economy.

Reported measurements · 17 Nov 2026 · Publication stage not specified
Measure / basis	Previous	Estimate	Actual
employment changelevel · thousand people	102.00	Not available	Not available
unemployment ratelevel · %	4.70	Not available	Not available

Checked 24 Oct 2026.

Wed18Nov1 release

United Kingdom

Inflation report

ImportantScheduled

Period 2026-10 · Date onlyTime unconfirmedView detailsClose details

Consumer-price data tracks inflation, an important input into central-bank decisions.

Reported measurements · 18 Nov 2026 · Publication stage not specified
Measure / basis	Previous	Estimate	Actual
consumer price indexlevel · %	144.10	Not available	Not available
core inflation ratemom · %	0.20	Not available	Not available
core inflation rateyoy · %	2.80	Not available	Not available
inflation ratemom · %	0.40	Not available	Not available
inflation rateyoy · %	3.50	Not available	Not available

Checked 24 Oct 2026.

Fri4Dec1 release

United Kingdom

Inflation report

ImportantScheduled

Period 2026-11 · Date onlyTime unconfirmedView detailsClose details

Consumer-price data tracks inflation, an important input into central-bank decisions.

Reported measurements · 4 Dec 2026 · Publication stage not specified
Measure / basis	Previous	Estimate	Actual
inflation ratelevel · %	3.40	Not available	Not available

Checked 24 Oct 2026.

Fri11Dec1 release

United Kingdom

GDP release

ImportantScheduled

Period 2026-10 · Date onlyTime unconfirmedView detailsClose details

GDP measures economic activity. Check the comparison basis and publication stage before comparing values.

Reported measurements · 11 Dec 2026 · Publication stage not specified
Measure / basis	Previous	Estimate	Actual
gross domestic productmom · %	0.20	Not available	Not available
gross domestic productyoy · %	2.10	Not available	Not available

Checked 24 Oct 2026.

Tue15Dec1 release

United Kingdom

Employment report

ImportantScheduled

Period 2026-10 · Date onlyTime unconfirmedView detailsClose details

Jobs and unemployment data help describe labour demand and the strength of the economy.

Reported measurements · 15 Dec 2026 · Publication stage not specified
Measure / basis	Previous	Estimate	Actual
employment changelevel · thousand people	Not available	Not available	Not available
unemployment ratelevel · %	Not available	Not available	Not available

Checked 24 Oct 2026.

Wed16Dec1 release

United Kingdom

Inflation report

ImportantScheduled

Period 2026-11 · Date onlyTime unconfirmedView detailsClose details

Consumer-price data tracks inflation, an important input into central-bank decisions.

Reported measurements · 16 Dec 2026 · Publication stage not specified
Measure / basis	Previous	Estimate	Actual
core inflation ratemom · %	Not available	Not available	Not available
core inflation rateyoy · %	Not available	Not available	Not available
inflation ratemom · %	Not available	Not available	Not available
inflation rateyoy · %	Not available	Not available	Not available

Checked 24 Oct 2026.

Money & central-bank assets

Compare economic areas ↗

UK broad money

Monthly observations · OECD · Sept 2026

UK broad money3.85 trillion GBP

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Quarterly samples · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted quarterly samples: UK broad money: 3.85 trillion GBP (Sept 2026).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

UK broad money · trillion GBP · Quarterly samples
Date	UK broad money
30 Sept 2026	3.85
30 Jun 2026	3.87
31 Mar 2026	3.80
31 Dec 2025	3.74
30 Sept 2025	3.71
30 Jun 2025	3.65
31 Mar 2025	3.66
31 Dec 2024	3.59
30 Sept 2024	3.55
30 Jun 2024	3.54
31 Mar 2024	3.57
31 Dec 2023	3.53
30 Sept 2023	3.51
30 Jun 2023	3.52
31 Mar 2023	3.53
31 Dec 2022	3.55
30 Sept 2022	3.67
30 Jun 2022	3.54
31 Mar 2022	3.52
31 Dec 2021	3.47
30 Sept 2021	3.43
30 Jun 2021	3.36
31 Mar 2021	3.29
31 Dec 2020	3.23
30 Sept 2020	3.19
30 Jun 2020	3.17
31 Mar 2020	3.08
31 Dec 2019	2.89
30 Sept 2019	2.89
30 Jun 2019	2.87
31 Mar 2019	2.84
31 Dec 2018	2.90
30 Sept 2018	2.85
30 Jun 2018	2.83
31 Mar 2018	2.78
31 Dec 2017	2.79
30 Sept 2017	2.78
30 Jun 2017	2.73
31 Mar 2017	2.70
31 Dec 2016	2.62
30 Sept 2016	2.60
30 Jun 2016	2.54
31 Mar 2016	2.44
31 Dec 2015	2.39
30 Sept 2015	2.37
30 Jun 2015	2.36
31 Mar 2015	2.37
31 Dec 2014	2.36
30 Sept 2014	2.37
30 Jun 2014	2.37
31 Mar 2014	2.37
31 Dec 2013	2.36
30 Sept 2013	2.40
30 Jun 2013	2.41
31 Mar 2013	2.37
31 Dec 2012	2.33
30 Sept 2012	2.31
30 Jun 2012	2.29
31 Mar 2012	2.27
31 Dec 2011	2.27
30 Sept 2011	2.35
30 Jun 2011	2.34
31 Mar 2011	2.35
31 Dec 2010	2.32
30 Sept 2010	2.37
30 Jun 2010	2.38
31 Mar 2010	2.41
31 Dec 2009	2.19
30 Sept 2009	2.19
30 Jun 2009	2.15
31 Mar 2009	2.18
31 Dec 2008	2.14
30 Sept 2008	1.98
30 Jun 2008	1.97
31 Mar 2008	1.94
31 Dec 2007	1.82
30 Sept 2007	1.78
30 Jun 2007	1.74
31 Mar 2007	1.67
31 Dec 2006	1.61
30 Nov 2006	1.60

Data sources & definitions

UK broad money: Nov 2006–Sept 2026

OECD Monetary aggregates DSD_STES@DF_MONAGG, MABM, current national currency, millions, monthly, not seasonally adjusted. National broad-money definitions differ; this is a monetary stock, not an index.

UK central-bank assets

Monthly observations · BIS · Jul 2026

Central-bank assets0.81 trillion GBP

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Quarterly samples · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted quarterly samples: Central-bank assets: 0.81 trillion GBP (Jul 2026).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

UK central-bank assets · trillion GBP · Quarterly samples
Date	Central-bank assets
31 Jul 2026	0.81
30 Jun 2026	0.80
31 Mar 2026	0.80
31 Dec 2025	0.79
30 Sept 2025	0.81
30 Jun 2025	0.83
31 Mar 2025	0.85
31 Dec 2024	0.84
30 Sept 2024	0.90
30 Jun 2024	0.92
31 Mar 2024	0.92
31 Dec 2023	0.94
30 Sept 2023	0.99
30 Jun 2023	1.02
31 Mar 2023	1.05
31 Dec 2022	1.09
30 Sept 2022	1.08
30 Jun 2022	1.09
31 Mar 2022	1.09
31 Dec 2021	1.12
30 Sept 2021	1.01
30 Jun 2021	0.98
31 Mar 2021	0.93
31 Dec 2020	0.90
30 Sept 2020	0.87
30 Jun 2020	0.81
31 Mar 2020	0.59
31 Dec 2019	0.58
30 Sept 2019	0.59
30 Jun 2019	0.59
31 Mar 2019	0.60
31 Dec 2018	0.59
30 Sept 2018	0.59
30 Jun 2018	0.59
31 Mar 2018	0.59
31 Dec 2017	0.57
30 Sept 2017	0.55
30 Jun 2017	0.54
31 Mar 2017	0.52
31 Dec 2016	0.47
30 Sept 2016	0.43
30 Jun 2016	0.41
31 Mar 2016	0.41
31 Dec 2015	0.40
30 Sept 2015	0.40
30 Jun 2015	0.40
31 Mar 2015	0.40
31 Dec 2014	0.39
30 Sept 2014	0.39
30 Jun 2014	0.39
31 Mar 2014	0.39
31 Dec 2013	0.39
30 Sept 2013	0.39
30 Jun 2013	0.40
31 Mar 2013	0.40
31 Dec 2012	0.41
30 Sept 2012	0.40
30 Jun 2012	0.36
31 Mar 2012	0.33
31 Dec 2011	0.29
30 Sept 2011	0.24
30 Jun 2011	0.24
31 Mar 2011	0.24
31 Dec 2010	0.25
30 Sept 2010	0.24
30 Jun 2010	0.25
31 Mar 2010	0.25
31 Dec 2009	0.24
30 Sept 2009	0.23
30 Jun 2009	0.22
31 Mar 2009	0.18
31 Dec 2008	0.24
30 Sept 2008	0.14
30 Jun 2008	0.09
31 Mar 2008	0.10
31 Dec 2007	0.10
30 Sept 2007	0.10
30 Jun 2007	0.08
31 Mar 2007	0.08
31 Dec 2006	0.09
30 Nov 2006	0.08

Data sources & definitions

Central-bank assets: Nov 2006–Jul 2026

BIS WS_CBTA 1.0, BIS-spliced central-bank total assets, unadjusted nominal level, billions of GBP. From September 2013 onwards: Bank of England's Weekly Report. Between June 2006 and August 2013: weekly amounts outstanding of central bank total assets. Between September 1844 and May 2006: Huang and Thomas (2016): 'The weekly balance sheet of the Bank of England 1844-2006'. Between 1696 and 1844: Thomas (2019): 'The Bank of England's balance sheet 1696-2019'.

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Make Sense of the Data

What does ages 15 and older mean?

The employed / population ratio includes everyone aged 15 and older in its denominator, including students, retirees and others outside the labour force. The unemployment rate uses the labour force instead: people working or available and seeking work. It is a different measure, not 100% minus the employment ratio.

Does lower inflation mean prices are falling?

No. Lower positive inflation means the consumer basket is getting more expensive more slowly. A falling price level would require negative inflation. The price-index chart shows the cumulative change, separately from the headline and core inflation rates.

What does core inflation exclude?

Core measures remove selected volatile components. National definitions differ: US core CPI excludes food and energy; euro-area core HICP also excludes alcohol and tobacco. The source definition is shown with the chart.

How are annual and quarterly histories calculated?

Monthly price and labour observations are averaged only when every month of the year or quarter is available. Native quarterly observations remain quarterly. Partial periods and missing observations are not filled. Fifty years is the maximum view, not a claim that every series has fifty years of coverage.

What does GDP growth show?

Real GDP growth measures changes in economic output after adjusting for prices. Charts use the latest published estimates. Annualized quarterly growth expresses a quarter’s change as an annual pace; year-over-year growth compares output with the same quarter a year earlier.

What is government debt-to-GDP?

It compares general-government gross debt with annual economic output. Gross debt does not subtract financial assets. Historical IMF values can include staff estimates; current and future years are excluded. Definitions differ between countries, and debt alone does not measure default risk.

Datasets, sources & reuse terms

Each chart includes an HTML data table with observation dates, selected series and units. Histories identify annual or quarterly sampling and preserve missing values. The source metadata below describes the series used on this page; source coverage and definitions can differ.

Bank for International Settlements

United Kingdom · United States

Central-bank policy-rate history · Central-bank total assets

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

BIS statistics terms apply: attribution, no implied endorsement and no additional charge for including BIS statistics. Dataset downloads are free.

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U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

United States

Core inflation, year over year · Headline inflation, year over year · Unemployment rate

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

BLS public-domain data; cite BLS. iPulse AI transformations are identified separately.

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International Monetary Fund

United Kingdom · United States

Nominal GDP in US dollars · General-government gross debt relative to GDP · General-government gross debt in US dollars

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

IMF statistical-data terms apply, including attribution, accuracy and disclosure of material transformations. IMF directs potential commercial users to request permission; confirmation has not been obtained. The underlying data are available free from the IMF. No open licence or confirmed commercial permission is asserted.

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EODHD

United Kingdom · United States

gdp growth annual · Ten-year government bond yield · Current policy rate · Policy-rate target lower bound

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

EODHD commercial data terms apply. Commercial reproduction rights have not been confirmed; chart or table access does not grant onward redistribution rights. Use is subject to the applicable EODHD agreement.

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OECD

United Kingdom · United States

Consumer-price category index: Food and non-alcoholic beverages · Consumer-price category index: Alcohol and tobacco · Consumer-price category index: Clothing and footwear · Consumer-price category index: Housing and utilities · Consumer-price category index: Household furnishings · Consumer-price category index: Health · Consumer-price category index: Transport · Consumer-price category index: Communication · Consumer-price category index: Recreation and culture · Consumer-price category index: Education · Consumer-price category index: Restaurants and accommodation · Consumer-price category index: Other goods and services · Core consumer price index · Consumer price index · Real GDP growth, quarter over quarter · Real GDP growth, year over year · Core inflation, year over year · Headline inflation, year over year · Unemployment rate · National broad money

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

OECD data reuse terms apply, including source attribution and any specific third-party notices. No blanket Creative Commons licence is asserted.

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World Bank / ILOSTAT

United Kingdom · United States

Employment to population ratio, ages 15+ · Unemployment rate

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

World Development Indicators labour series: CC BY 4.0 with World Bank additional terms. Cite World Bank and ILOSTAT and identify changes.

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Compiled by iPulse AI. Snapshot: 2026-11-15T04:56:25.234229+00:00.

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Inflation & consumer prices

Headline vs core inflation

The price of the consumer basket

CPI breakdown

Inside the consumer basket

Food and non-alcoholic beverages

Reading the inflation and price data

Employment & unemployment

Make Sense of the Data

Bank for International Settlements

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

International Monetary Fund

EODHD

OECD

World Bank / ILOSTAT