Canada economy

CAD · Bank of Canada · Inflation, employment, growth and public debt.

Data snapshot 15 Nov 2026

Inflation & consumer prices

Inflation measures the annual change in consumer prices.

Headline vs core inflation

Year over year · Annual or quarterly averages

Headline2.07%Core2.50%

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Complete annual averages · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted complete annual averages: Headline: 2.07% (Dec 2025); Core: 2.50% (Dec 2025).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Headline vs core inflation · % · Complete annual averages
Date	Headline	Core
31 Dec 2025	2.07	2.50
31 Dec 2024	2.39	2.64
31 Dec 2023	3.89	4.15
31 Dec 2022	6.80	5.00
31 Dec 2021	3.39	2.35
31 Dec 2020	0.72	1.16
31 Dec 2019	1.95	2.09
31 Dec 2018	2.27	2.09
31 Dec 2017	1.60	1.62
31 Dec 2016	1.43	1.92
31 Dec 2015	1.13	2.70
31 Dec 2014	1.91	1.56
31 Dec 2013	0.94	0.83
31 Dec 2012	1.52	1.36
31 Dec 2011	2.91	1.43
31 Dec 2010	1.78	1.33
31 Dec 2009	0.31	1.69
31 Dec 2008	2.37	1.06
31 Dec 2007	2.14	2.04
31 Dec 2006	2.01	1.27
31 Dec 2005	2.21	1.36
31 Dec 2004	1.86	1.34
31 Dec 2003	2.77	2.43
31 Dec 2002	2.26	2.68
31 Dec 2001	2.53	2.09
31 Dec 2000	2.72	1.68
31 Dec 1999	1.73	1.48
31 Dec 1998	1.00	1.40
31 Dec 1997	1.62	1.61
31 Dec 1996	1.57	1.51
31 Dec 1995	2.15	2.15
31 Dec 1994	0.17	0.14
31 Dec 1993	1.87	1.93
31 Dec 1992	1.49	2.06
31 Dec 1991	5.64	6.23
31 Dec 1990	4.78	4.47
31 Dec 1989	4.98	5.43
31 Dec 1988	4.03	4.70
31 Dec 1987	4.36	4.50
31 Dec 1986	4.19	5.29
31 Dec 1985	3.96	4.04
31 Dec 1984	4.31	3.89
31 Dec 1983	5.89	6.21
31 Dec 1982	10.79	10.72
31 Dec 1981	12.47	11.11
31 Dec 1980	10.11	9.48
31 Dec 1979	9.14	8.36
31 Dec 1978	8.97	7.64
31 Dec 1977	7.96	7.54
31 Dec 1976	Not available	Not available

Data sources & definitions

Headline: Dec 1977–Dec 2025 · Core: Dec 1977–Dec 2025

The price of the consumer basket

Long-run CPI level · Annual or quarterly averages

Index · Dec 1976 = 100; 150 means prices are 50% higher

Consumer price index527.4

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Complete annual averages · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted complete annual averages: Consumer price index: 527.36 index (Dec 2025).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

The price of the consumer basket · index · Complete annual averages
Date	Consumer price index
31 Dec 2025	527.36
31 Dec 2024	516.65
31 Dec 2023	504.63
31 Dec 2022	485.79
31 Dec 2021	454.84
31 Dec 2020	439.91
31 Dec 2019	436.78
31 Dec 2018	428.43
31 Dec 2017	418.92
31 Dec 2016	412.34
31 Dec 2015	406.53
31 Dec 2014	402.01
31 Dec 2013	394.49
31 Dec 2012	390.82
31 Dec 2011	384.98
31 Dec 2010	374.09
31 Dec 2009	367.56
31 Dec 2008	366.46
31 Dec 2007	357.98
31 Dec 2006	350.48
31 Dec 2005	343.60
31 Dec 2004	336.16
31 Dec 2003	330.03
31 Dec 2002	321.17
31 Dec 2001	314.08
31 Dec 2000	306.34
31 Dec 1999	298.23
31 Dec 1998	293.15
31 Dec 1997	290.26
31 Dec 1996	285.63
31 Dec 1995	281.21
31 Dec 1994	275.29
31 Dec 1993	274.84
31 Dec 1992	269.81
31 Dec 1991	265.85
31 Dec 1990	251.69
31 Dec 1989	240.20
31 Dec 1988	228.80
31 Dec 1987	219.94
31 Dec 1986	210.76
31 Dec 1985	202.28
31 Dec 1984	194.57
31 Dec 1983	186.54
31 Dec 1982	176.20
31 Dec 1981	159.07
31 Dec 1980	141.43
31 Dec 1979	128.43
31 Dec 1978	117.67
31 Dec 1977	107.98
31 Dec 1976	100.00

Data sources & definitions

Consumer price index: Dec 1976–Dec 2025

Core inflation removes selected volatile items; national exclusions differ. Excluding food and energy; national CPI, 2015=100; COICOP 2018. Latest published vintage. Annual views use complete-year averages; quarterly views use complete-quarter averages or the source’s native quarterly observation. The current partial period stays out of these averages. Actual coverage is shown beneath every chart.

CPI breakdown

Select a category to view its price history.

Inside the consumer basket

Every published major category. Select one to explore its history.

CategoryPrice change · YoY

Growth of each category’s quarterly average price index, compared with the same quarter a year earlier. These are price changes, not weighted contributions to inflation. Categories vary by country.

Choose another category ↑

Food and non-alcoholic beverages

COICOP 2018 · Relative price history

Index · Dec 1976 = 100; 150 means prices are 50% higher

Food and non-alcoholic beverages601.5

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Complete annual averages · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted complete annual averages: Food and non-alcoholic beverages: 601.46 index (Dec 2025).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Food and non-alcoholic beverages · index · Complete annual averages
Date	Food and non-alcoholic beverages
31 Dec 2025	601.46
31 Dec 2024	581.58
31 Dec 2023	568.87
31 Dec 2022	527.51
31 Dec 2021	480.64
31 Dec 2020	470.26
31 Dec 2019	459.22
31 Dec 2018	442.92
31 Dec 2017	439.47
31 Dec 2016	443.89
31 Dec 2015	439.42
31 Dec 2014	422.18
31 Dec 2013	411.83
31 Dec 2012	407.39
31 Dec 2011	398.03
31 Dec 2010	381.84
31 Dec 2009	378.26
31 Dec 2008	358.63
31 Dec 2007	345.06
31 Dec 2006	336.21
31 Dec 2005	328.74
31 Dec 2004	321.37
31 Dec 2003	315.77
31 Dec 2002	311.28
31 Dec 2001	303.61
31 Dec 2000	289.57
31 Dec 1999	286.51
31 Dec 1998	283.53
31 Dec 1997	279.14
31 Dec 1996	274.92
31 Dec 1995	271.78
31 Dec 1994	264.72
31 Dec 1993	264.46
31 Dec 1992	259.74
31 Dec 1991	263.50
31 Dec 1990	257.59
31 Dec 1989	247.91
31 Dec 1988	240.42
31 Dec 1987	235.72
31 Dec 1986	225.47
31 Dec 1985	214.66
31 Dec 1984	209.52
31 Dec 1983	197.54
31 Dec 1982	191.93
31 Dec 1981	180.42
31 Dec 1980	161.17
31 Dec 1979	145.01
31 Dec 1978	127.78
31 Dec 1977	108.82
31 Dec 1976	100.00

Data sources & definitions

Food and non-alcoholic beverages: Dec 1976–Dec 2025

Food and non-alcoholic beverages; national CPI, 2015=100; COICOP 2018. Latest published vintage.

Reading the inflation and price data

Read the Canada inflation figures in two passes. First compare headline inflation with the available core measure over the same observation period. Headline covers the broad consumer basket; core excludes selected components under the source's definition. A difference between them describes the composition of price changes. It does not, on its own, establish which prices will move next.

The consumer-price index answers a different question from the inflation rate. Inflation describes how quickly prices change; the index tracks the price level. Lower positive inflation therefore means prices are rising more slowly, rather than returning to their earlier level. In a rebased chart, 100 is the starting point and 150 represents a price level 50% above that starting point.

Use the long annual view to compare cycles and the quarterly view to examine more recent changes where those histories are available. Complete annual and quarterly averages differ from the latest monthly reading. Partial periods are excluded from those averages, and missing observations are left missing. The table beneath each chart retains the plotted dates and values.

Check the coverage and source notes before comparing countries or categories. Reference bases, exclusions and publication frequencies can differ. The page snapshot date identifies this published collection; each observation keeps its own period. Explore the price charts and available basket categories on this page before continuing into employment and the wider economy.

Employment & unemployment

Unemployment is a share of the labour force. Employment / population is a share of everyone aged 15 and older, including people outside the labour force.

Unemployment through the cycle

Share of the labour force · Working age · source-defined · Official published observations

Unemployment6.86%

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Complete annual averages · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted complete annual averages: Unemployment: 6.86% (Dec 2025).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Unemployment through the cycle · % · Complete annual averages
Date	Unemployment
31 Dec 2025	6.86
31 Dec 2024	6.37
31 Dec 2023	5.39
31 Dec 2022	5.25
31 Dec 2021	7.48
31 Dec 2020	9.74
31 Dec 2019	5.68
31 Dec 2018	5.83
31 Dec 2017	6.42
31 Dec 2016	7.05
31 Dec 2015	7.00
31 Dec 2014	7.06
31 Dec 2013	7.21
31 Dec 2012	7.44
31 Dec 2011	7.63
31 Dec 2010	8.16
31 Dec 2009	8.48
31 Dec 2008	6.31
31 Dec 2007	6.16
31 Dec 2006	6.45
31 Dec 2005	6.75
31 Dec 2004	7.15
31 Dec 2003	7.59
31 Dec 2002	7.68
31 Dec 2001	7.23
31 Dec 2000	6.83
31 Dec 1999	7.57
31 Dec 1998	8.29
31 Dec 1997	9.09
31 Dec 1996	9.61
31 Dec 1995	9.47
31 Dec 1994	10.39
31 Dec 1993	11.38
31 Dec 1992	11.22
31 Dec 1991	10.32
31 Dec 1990	8.15
31 Dec 1989	7.51
31 Dec 1988	7.78
31 Dec 1987	8.80
31 Dec 1986	9.61
31 Dec 1985	10.51
31 Dec 1984	11.38
31 Dec 1983	12.00
31 Dec 1982	11.10
31 Dec 1981	7.62
31 Dec 1980	7.52
31 Dec 1979	7.50
31 Dec 1978	8.37
31 Dec 1977	8.07
31 Dec 1976	7.10

Data sources & definitions

Unemployment: Dec 1976–Dec 2025

Employed / population · Ages 15 and older

Annual ILO estimates via World Bank · % of population aged 15+

Employed / population60.06%

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Annual observations · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted annual observations: Employed / population: 60.06% (Dec 2025).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Employed / population · Ages 15 and older · % · Annual observations
Date	Employed / population
31 Dec 2025	60.06
31 Dec 2024	60.63
31 Dec 2023	61.82
31 Dec 2022	61.80
31 Dec 2021	60.29
31 Dec 2020	57.91
31 Dec 2019	62.07
31 Dec 2018	61.72
31 Dec 2017	61.56
31 Dec 2016	61.02
31 Dec 2015	61.31
31 Dec 2014	61.39
31 Dec 2013	61.79
31 Dec 2012	61.64
31 Dec 2011	61.51
31 Dec 2010	61.27
31 Dec 2009	61.29
31 Dec 2008	63.04
31 Dec 2007	62.98
31 Dec 2006	62.49

Data sources & definitions

Employed / population: Dec 2006–Dec 2025

Unemployment counts people without work who are available and seeking work, as a share of the labour force. It is not 100% minus the employment / population ratio. National age definitions differ. Monthly or quarterly official figures are used where available; the annual fallback is an ILO modelled estimate via World Bank. Each chart retains its observation dates.

GDP growth

Inflation-adjusted output · Published source values with their observation periods.

Real GDP growth

Year over year · Latest published values · Annual or quarterly observations as available

Canada0.95%US2.07%

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Quarterly samples · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted quarterly samples: Canada: 0.95% (Sept 2026); US: 2.07% (Sept 2026).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Real GDP growth · % · Quarterly samples
Date	Canada	US
30 Sept 2026	0.95	2.07
30 Jun 2026	1.13	2.19
31 Mar 2026	0.06	2.64
31 Dec 2025	0.70	2.05
30 Sept 2025	1.65	2.60
30 Jun 2025	2.01	2.42
31 Mar 2025	3.09	2.31
31 Dec 2024	3.10	2.64
30 Sept 2024	2.44	2.95
30 Jun 2024	1.65	3.29
31 Mar 2024	0.99	2.93
31 Dec 2023	1.32	3.42
30 Sept 2023	1.33	3.18
30 Jun 2023	2.10	2.74
31 Mar 2023	3.09	2.33
31 Dec 2022	3.08	1.23
30 Sept 2022	4.86	2.23
30 Jun 2022	6.11	2.34
31 Mar 2022	4.79	3.98
30 Sept 2021	5.58	5.27
30 Jun 2021	12.89	12.56
31 Mar 2021	0.59	1.92
31 Dec 2020	-3.02	-0.92
30 Sept 2020	-4.54	-1.36
30 Jun 2020	-12.24	-7.40
31 Mar 2020	-0.32	1.36
31 Dec 2019	1.91	3.35
30 Sept 2019	1.86	2.80
30 Jun 2019	2.09	2.24
31 Mar 2019	1.77	1.93
31 Dec 2018	2.71	2.13
30 Sept 2018	2.99	3.13
30 Jun 2018	2.50	3.30
31 Mar 2018	2.78	3.33
31 Dec 2017	2.88	2.99
30 Sept 2017	2.93	2.41
30 Jun 2017	3.97	2.33
31 Mar 2017	2.37	2.09
31 Dec 2016	1.70	2.18
30 Sept 2016	1.20	1.81
30 Jun 2016	0.52	1.49
31 Mar 2016	0.74	1.80
31 Dec 2015	-0.41	2.12
30 Sept 2015	0.21	2.45
30 Jun 2015	0.81	3.28
31 Mar 2015	2.01	3.97
31 Dec 2014	2.76	2.69
30 Sept 2014	3.12	3.06
30 Jun 2014	2.98	2.69
31 Mar 2014	2.64	1.65
31 Dec 2013	3.38	3.01
30 Sept 2013	2.52	2.24
30 Jun 2013	1.82	1.52
31 Mar 2013	1.57	1.70
31 Dec 2012	0.73	1.55
30 Sept 2012	1.32	2.57
30 Jun 2012	2.57	2.40
31 Mar 2012	2.42	2.64
31 Dec 2011	3.14	1.54
30 Sept 2011	3.47	0.94
30 Jun 2011	2.79	1.74
31 Mar 2011	3.14	2.04
31 Dec 2010	3.60	2.78
30 Sept 2010	3.64	3.34
30 Jun 2010	3.38	2.91
31 Mar 2010	1.74	1.75
31 Dec 2009	-1.75	0.11
30 Sept 2009	-4.01	-3.13
30 Jun 2009	-3.65	-3.98
31 Mar 2009	-2.24	-3.23
31 Dec 2008	0.09	-2.54
30 Sept 2008	1.40	0.27
30 Jun 2008	0.95	1.38
31 Mar 2008	1.55	1.39
31 Dec 2007	2.12	2.13
30 Sept 2007	2.40	2.37
30 Jun 2007	2.30	1.93
31 Mar 2007	1.37	1.58

Data sources & definitions

Canada: Mar 2007–Sept 2026 · US: Mar 2007–Sept 2026

Year-over-year growth compares real output with the same period a year earlier. Annual growth is used where quarterly coverage is unavailable.

Government debt

General-government gross debt relative to annual GDP, or in US dollars.

Debt relative to the economy

Annual history · General government · % of GDP

General-government gross debt113.60%

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Annual observations · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted annual observations: General-government gross debt: 113.60% (Dec 2025).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Debt relative to the economy · % · Annual observations
Date	General-government gross debt
31 Dec 2025	113.60
31 Dec 2024	110.00
31 Dec 2023	105.10
31 Dec 2022	103.50
31 Dec 2021	112.60
31 Dec 2020	118.10
31 Dec 2019	90.10
31 Dec 2018	90.80
31 Dec 2017	91.00
31 Dec 2016	92.50
31 Dec 2015	92.30
31 Dec 2014	85.80
31 Dec 2013	87.70
31 Dec 2012	87.00
31 Dec 2011	84.30
31 Dec 2010	84.00
31 Dec 2009	81.80
31 Dec 2008	70.40
31 Dec 2007	67.20
31 Dec 2006	69.90
31 Dec 2005	70.60
31 Dec 2004	71.90
31 Dec 2003	75.90
31 Dec 2002	79.60
31 Dec 2001	81.50
31 Dec 2000	80.40
31 Dec 1999	89.00
31 Dec 1998	93.30
31 Dec 1997	95.30
31 Dec 1996	100.20
31 Dec 1995	100.10
31 Dec 1994	97.50
31 Dec 1993	94.70
31 Dec 1992	88.20
31 Dec 1991	81.70
31 Dec 1990	73.70
31 Dec 1989	71.00
31 Dec 1988	69.70
31 Dec 1987	69.80
31 Dec 1986	69.30
31 Dec 1985	65.20
31 Dec 1984	60.20
31 Dec 1983	57.20
31 Dec 1982	51.70
31 Dec 1981	46.10
31 Dec 1980	44.60

Data sources & definitions

General-government gross debt: Dec 1980–Dec 2025

Debt-to-GDP compares a debt stock with a year of economic output. Historical reported values and IMF staff estimates; current and future years are excluded. Gross debt does not subtract financial assets. Accounting coverage differs by economy.

Interest rates

Current Bank of Canada policy: 2.50% · 11 Nov 2026

Canada policy-rate history

Published policy observations · Compare with United States

Canada2.50%US3.88%

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Quarterly samples · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted quarterly samples: Canada: 2.50% (Nov 2026); US: 3.88% (Nov 2026).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Canada policy-rate history · % · Quarterly samples
Date	Canada	US
10 Nov 2026	Not available	3.88
9 Nov 2026	2.50	Not available
30 Sept 2026	2.25	3.88
30 Jun 2026	2.25	3.63
31 Mar 2026	2.25	3.63
31 Dec 2025	2.25	3.63
30 Sept 2025	2.50	4.13
30 Jun 2025	2.75	4.38
31 Mar 2025	2.75	4.38
31 Dec 2024	3.25	4.38
30 Sept 2024	4.25	4.88
30 Jun 2024	Not available	5.38
28 Jun 2024	4.75	Not available
31 Mar 2024	Not available	5.38
29 Mar 2024	5.00	Not available
31 Dec 2023	Not available	5.38
29 Dec 2023	5.00	Not available
30 Sept 2023	Not available	5.38
29 Sept 2023	5.00	Not available
30 Jun 2023	4.75	5.13
31 Mar 2023	4.50	4.88
31 Dec 2022	Not available	4.38
30 Dec 2022	4.25	Not available
30 Sept 2022	Not available	3.13
29 Sept 2022	3.25	Not available
30 Jun 2022	1.50	1.63
31 Mar 2022	0.50	0.38
31 Dec 2021	0.25	0.13
30 Sept 2021	Not available	0.13
29 Sept 2021	0.25	Not available
30 Jun 2021	0.25	0.13
31 Mar 2021	0.25	0.13
31 Dec 2020	0.25	0.13
30 Sept 2020	0.25	0.13
30 Jun 2020	0.25	0.13
31 Mar 2020	0.25	0.13
31 Dec 2019	1.75	1.63
30 Sept 2019	1.75	1.88
30 Jun 2019	Not available	2.38
28 Jun 2019	1.75	Not available
31 Mar 2019	Not available	2.38
29 Mar 2019	1.75	Not available
31 Dec 2018	1.75	2.38
30 Sept 2018	Not available	2.13
28 Sept 2018	1.50	Not available
30 Jun 2018	Not available	1.88
29 Jun 2018	1.25	Not available
31 Mar 2018	Not available	1.63
30 Mar 2018	1.25	Not available
31 Dec 2017	Not available	1.38
29 Dec 2017	1.00	Not available
30 Sept 2017	Not available	1.13
29 Sept 2017	1.00	Not available
30 Jun 2017	0.50	1.13
31 Mar 2017	0.50	0.88
31 Dec 2016	Not available	0.63
30 Dec 2016	0.50	Not available
30 Sept 2016	0.50	0.38
30 Jun 2016	0.50	0.38
31 Mar 2016	0.50	0.38
31 Dec 2015	0.50	0.38
30 Sept 2015	0.50	0.13
30 Jun 2015	0.75	0.13
31 Mar 2015	0.75	0.13
31 Dec 2014	1.00	0.13
30 Sept 2014	1.00	0.13
30 Jun 2014	1.00	0.13
31 Mar 2014	1.00	0.13
31 Dec 2013	1.00	0.13
30 Sept 2013	1.00	0.13
30 Jun 2013	Not available	0.13
28 Jun 2013	1.00	Not available
31 Mar 2013	Not available	0.13
29 Mar 2013	1.00	Not available
31 Dec 2012	1.00	0.13
30 Sept 2012	Not available	0.13
28 Sept 2012	1.00	Not available
30 Jun 2012	Not available	0.13
29 Jun 2012	1.00	Not available
31 Mar 2012	Not available	0.13
30 Mar 2012	1.00	Not available
31 Dec 2011	Not available	0.13
30 Dec 2011	1.00	Not available
30 Sept 2011	1.00	0.13
30 Jun 2011	1.00	0.13
31 Mar 2011	1.00	0.13
31 Dec 2010	1.00	0.13
30 Sept 2010	1.00	0.13
30 Jun 2010	0.50	0.13
31 Mar 2010	0.25	0.13
31 Dec 2009	0.25	0.13
30 Sept 2009	0.25	0.13
30 Jun 2009	0.25	0.13
31 Mar 2009	0.50	0.13
31 Dec 2008	1.50	0.13
30 Sept 2008	3.00	2.00
30 Jun 2008	3.00	2.00
31 Mar 2008	3.50	2.25
31 Dec 2007	4.25	4.25
30 Sept 2007	Not available	4.75
28 Sept 2007	4.50	Not available
30 Jun 2007	Not available	5.25
29 Jun 2007	4.25	Not available
31 Mar 2007	Not available	5.25
30 Mar 2007	4.25	Not available
31 Dec 2006	Not available	5.25
29 Dec 2006	4.25	Not available
30 Sept 2006	Not available	5.25
29 Sept 2006	4.25	Not available
30 Jun 2006	4.25	5.25
31 Mar 2006	3.75	4.75
31 Dec 2005	Not available	4.25
30 Dec 2005	3.25	Not available
30 Sept 2005	2.75	3.75
30 Jun 2005	2.50	3.25
31 Mar 2005	2.50	2.75
31 Dec 2004	2.50	2.25
30 Sept 2004	2.25	1.75
30 Jun 2004	2.00	1.25
31 Mar 2004	2.25	1.00
31 Dec 2003	2.75	1.00
30 Sept 2003	2.75	1.00
30 Jun 2003	3.25	1.00
31 Mar 2003	3.00	1.25
31 Dec 2002	2.75	1.25
30 Sept 2002	2.75	1.75
30 Jun 2002	Not available	1.75
28 Jun 2002	2.50	Not available
31 Mar 2002	Not available	1.75
29 Mar 2002	2.00	Not available
31 Dec 2001	2.25	1.75
30 Sept 2001	Not available	3.00
28 Sept 2001	3.50	Not available
30 Jun 2001	Not available	3.75
29 Jun 2001	4.50	Not available
31 Mar 2001	Not available	5.00
30 Mar 2001	5.00	Not available
31 Dec 2000	Not available	6.50
29 Dec 2000	5.75	Not available
30 Sept 2000	Not available	6.50
29 Sept 2000	5.75	Not available
30 Jun 2000	5.75	6.50
31 Mar 2000	5.25	6.00
31 Dec 1999	4.75	5.50
30 Sept 1999	4.50	5.25
30 Jun 1999	4.50	5.00
31 Mar 1999	4.75	4.75
31 Dec 1998	5.00	4.75
30 Sept 1998	5.50	5.25
30 Jun 1998	4.75	5.50
31 Mar 1998	4.75	5.50
31 Dec 1997	4.25	5.50
30 Sept 1997	3.25	5.50
30 Jun 1997	3.25	5.50
31 Mar 1997	3.00	5.50
31 Dec 1996	3.00	5.25
30 Nov 1996	Not available	5.25
29 Nov 1996	3.00	Not available

Data sources & definitions

Canada: Nov 1996–Nov 2026 · US: Nov 1996–Nov 2026

Policy benchmark definitionsCoverage and instrument changes

Canada: From 1 Jun 1994 onwards: Central Bank target, overnight rate; from 27 Jul 1960 to 31 May 1994: official bank rate.

United States: From 19 Dec 1985 onwards: mid-point of the Federal Reserve target rate; from 1 Jul 1954 to 18 Dec 1985: US Fed Funds effective rate.

Upcoming releases

Full calendar ↗

Mon16Nov1 release

Canada

Inflation report

ImportantScheduled

Period 2026-10 · Date onlyTime unconfirmedView detailsClose details

Consumer-price data tracks inflation, an important input into central-bank decisions.

Reported measurements · 16 Nov 2026 · Publication stage not specified
Measure / basis	Previous	Estimate	Actual
consumer price indexlevel · %	170.00	Not available	Not available
core inflation ratemom · %	0.00	Not available	Not available
core inflation rateyoy · %	2.20	Not available	Not available
cpiyoy · %	3.10	Not available	Not available
inflation ratemom · %	0.10	Not available	Not available
inflation rateyoy · %	3.10	Not available	Not available

Checked 24 Oct 2026.

Mon30Nov3 releases

Canada

GDP release

ImportantScheduled

Period 2026-Q3 · Date onlyTime unconfirmedView detailsClose details

GDP measures economic activity. Check the comparison basis and publication stage before comparing values.

Reported measurements · 30 Nov 2026 · Publication stage not specified
Measure / basis	Previous	Estimate	Actual
gdp growth rateqoq · %	0.80	Not available	Not available
gdp growth rateyoy · %	1.13	Not available	Not available
gross domestic productqoq · %	0.80	Not available	Not available
gross domestic productyoy · %	1.13	Not available	Not available

Checked 24 Oct 2026.

Canada

GDP release

ImportantScheduled

Period 2026-10 · Date onlyTime unconfirmedView detailsClose details

GDP measures economic activity. Check the comparison basis and publication stage before comparing values.

Reported measurements · 30 Nov 2026 · Publication stage not specified
Measure / basis	Previous	Estimate	Actual
gross domestic productmom · %	Not available	Not available	Not available

Checked 24 Oct 2026.

Canada

GDP release

ImportantScheduled

Period 2026-09 · Date onlyTime unconfirmedView detailsClose details

GDP measures economic activity. Check the comparison basis and publication stage before comparing values.

Reported measurements · 30 Nov 2026 · Publication stage not specified
Measure / basis	Previous	Estimate	Actual
gross domestic productmom · %	0.00	Not available	Not available

Checked 13 Nov 2026.

Wed9Dec1 release

Canada

Interest-rate decision

ImportantScheduled

Date onlyTime unconfirmedView detailsClose details

A monetary-policy decision can change the price of short-term borrowing and expectations for future rates.

Reported measurements · 9 Dec 2026 · Publication stage not specified
Measure / basis	Previous	Estimate	Actual
boc interest rate decisionlevel · %	2.50	Not available	Not available

Checked 24 Oct 2026.

Mon14Dec1 release

Canada

Inflation report

ImportantScheduled

Period 2026-11 · Date onlyTime unconfirmedView detailsClose details

Consumer-price data tracks inflation, an important input into central-bank decisions.

Reported measurements · 14 Dec 2026 · Publication stage not specified
Measure / basis	Previous	Estimate	Actual
consumer price indexlevel · %	Not available	Not available	Not available
core inflation ratemom · %	Not available	Not available	Not available
core inflation rateyoy · %	Not available	Not available	Not available
inflation ratemom · %	Not available	Not available	Not available
inflation rateyoy · %	Not available	Not available	Not available

Checked 24 Oct 2026.

Money & central-bank assets

Compare economic areas ↗

Canada broad money

Monthly observations · OECD · Aug 2026

Canada broad money4.09 trillion CAD

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Quarterly samples · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted quarterly samples: Canada broad money: 4.09 trillion CAD (Aug 2026).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Canada broad money · trillion CAD · Quarterly samples
Date	Canada broad money
31 Aug 2026	4.09
30 Jun 2026	4.10
31 Mar 2026	4.00
31 Dec 2025	3.99
30 Sept 2025	3.94
30 Jun 2025	3.87
31 Mar 2025	3.86
31 Dec 2024	3.83
30 Sept 2024	3.75
30 Jun 2024	3.71
31 Mar 2024	3.62
31 Dec 2023	3.61
30 Sept 2023	3.54
30 Jun 2023	3.48
31 Mar 2023	3.45
31 Dec 2022	3.44
30 Sept 2022	3.38
30 Jun 2022	3.31
31 Mar 2022	3.23
31 Dec 2021	3.18
30 Sept 2021	3.12
30 Jun 2021	3.03
31 Mar 2021	2.98
31 Dec 2020	2.95
30 Sept 2020	2.97
30 Jun 2020	2.92
31 Mar 2020	2.73
31 Dec 2019	2.65
30 Sept 2019	2.57
30 Jun 2019	2.51
31 Mar 2019	2.48
31 Dec 2018	2.46
30 Sept 2018	2.37
30 Jun 2018	2.34
31 Mar 2018	2.31
31 Dec 2017	2.31
30 Sept 2017	2.25
30 Jun 2017	2.24
31 Mar 2017	2.21
31 Dec 2016	2.21
30 Sept 2016	2.15
30 Jun 2016	2.11
31 Mar 2016	2.04
31 Dec 2015	2.05
30 Sept 2015	1.99
30 Jun 2015	1.92
31 Mar 2015	1.90
31 Dec 2014	1.88
30 Sept 2014	1.84
30 Jun 2014	1.80
31 Mar 2014	1.77
31 Dec 2013	1.76
30 Sept 2013	1.70
30 Jun 2013	1.66
31 Mar 2013	1.63
31 Dec 2012	1.62
30 Sept 2012	1.58
30 Jun 2012	1.57
31 Mar 2012	1.54
31 Dec 2011	1.53
30 Sept 2011	1.50
30 Jun 2011	1.46
31 Mar 2011	1.43
31 Dec 2010	1.42
30 Sept 2010	1.39
30 Jun 2010	1.37
31 Mar 2010	1.32
31 Dec 2009	1.33
30 Sept 2009	1.31
30 Jun 2009	1.29
31 Mar 2009	1.28
31 Dec 2008	1.31
30 Sept 2008	1.28
30 Jun 2008	1.26
31 Mar 2008	1.21
31 Dec 2007	1.20
30 Sept 2007	1.17
30 Jun 2007	1.11
31 Mar 2007	1.08
31 Dec 2006	1.07
30 Nov 2006	1.05

Data sources & definitions

Canada broad money: Nov 2006–Aug 2026

OECD Monetary aggregates DSD_STES@DF_MONAGG, MABM, current national currency, millions, monthly, not seasonally adjusted. National broad-money definitions differ; this is a monetary stock, not an index.

Canada central-bank assets

Monthly observations · BIS · Jul 2026

Central-bank assets0.23 trillion CAD

Hover or use arrow keys to explore · Quarterly samples · Latest plotted values in legend

Latest plotted quarterly samples: Central-bank assets: 0.23 trillion CAD (Jul 2026).

View chart data Dates, values & coverage

Canada central-bank assets · trillion CAD · Quarterly samples
Date	Central-bank assets
31 Jul 2026	0.23
30 Jun 2026	0.23
31 Mar 2026	0.23
31 Dec 2025	0.24
30 Sept 2025	0.24
30 Jun 2025	0.25
31 Mar 2025	0.25
31 Dec 2024	0.28
30 Sept 2024	0.28
30 Jun 2024	0.27
31 Mar 2024	0.31
31 Dec 2023	0.32
30 Sept 2023	0.32
30 Jun 2023	0.36
31 Mar 2023	0.38
31 Dec 2022	0.41
30 Sept 2022	0.43
30 Jun 2022	0.46
31 Mar 2022	0.49
31 Dec 2021	0.50
30 Sept 2021	0.50
30 Jun 2021	0.48
31 Mar 2021	0.55
31 Dec 2020	0.55
30 Sept 2020	0.53
30 Jun 2020	0.53
31 Mar 2020	0.20
31 Dec 2019	0.12
30 Sept 2019	0.12
30 Jun 2019	0.12
31 Mar 2019	0.11
31 Dec 2018	0.12
30 Sept 2018	0.11
30 Jun 2018	0.11
31 Mar 2018	0.11
31 Dec 2017	0.11
30 Sept 2017	0.11
30 Jun 2017	0.11
31 Mar 2017	0.10
31 Dec 2016	0.11
30 Sept 2016	0.11
30 Jun 2016	0.10
31 Mar 2016	0.10
31 Dec 2015	0.10
30 Sept 2015	0.10
30 Jun 2015	0.10
31 Mar 2015	0.09
31 Dec 2014	0.09
30 Sept 2014	0.09
30 Jun 2014	0.09
31 Mar 2014	0.09
31 Dec 2013	0.09
30 Sept 2013	0.09
30 Jun 2013	0.09
31 Mar 2013	0.08
31 Dec 2012	0.08
30 Sept 2012	0.07
30 Jun 2012	0.07
31 Mar 2012	0.07
31 Dec 2011	0.06
30 Sept 2011	0.06
30 Jun 2011	0.06
31 Mar 2011	0.06
31 Dec 2010	0.06
30 Sept 2010	0.06
30 Jun 2010	0.06
31 Mar 2010	0.07
31 Dec 2009	0.07
30 Sept 2009	0.08
30 Jun 2009	0.08
31 Mar 2009	0.08
31 Dec 2008	0.08
30 Sept 2008	0.06
30 Jun 2008	0.05
31 Mar 2008	0.05
31 Dec 2007	0.05
30 Sept 2007	0.05
30 Jun 2007	0.05
31 Mar 2007	0.05
31 Dec 2006	0.05
30 Nov 2006	0.05

Data sources & definitions

Central-bank assets: Nov 2006–Jul 2026

BIS WS_CBTA 1.0, BIS-spliced central-bank total assets, unadjusted nominal level, billions of CAD. From 1934 onwards: Bank of Canada assets and liabilities: month-end, in accordance with the Bank of Canada Act.

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Make Sense of the Data

What does ages 15 and older mean?

The employed / population ratio includes everyone aged 15 and older in its denominator, including students, retirees and others outside the labour force. The unemployment rate uses the labour force instead: people working or available and seeking work. It is a different measure, not 100% minus the employment ratio.

Does lower inflation mean prices are falling?

No. Lower positive inflation means the consumer basket is getting more expensive more slowly. A falling price level would require negative inflation. The price-index chart shows the cumulative change, separately from the headline and core inflation rates.

What does core inflation exclude?

Core measures remove selected volatile components. National definitions differ: US core CPI excludes food and energy; euro-area core HICP also excludes alcohol and tobacco. The source definition is shown with the chart.

How are annual and quarterly histories calculated?

Monthly price and labour observations are averaged only when every month of the year or quarter is available. Native quarterly observations remain quarterly. Partial periods and missing observations are not filled. Fifty years is the maximum view, not a claim that every series has fifty years of coverage.

What does GDP growth show?

Real GDP growth measures changes in economic output after adjusting for prices. Charts use the latest published estimates. Annualized quarterly growth expresses a quarter’s change as an annual pace; year-over-year growth compares output with the same quarter a year earlier.

What is government debt-to-GDP?

It compares general-government gross debt with annual economic output. Gross debt does not subtract financial assets. Historical IMF values can include staff estimates; current and future years are excluded. Definitions differ between countries, and debt alone does not measure default risk.

Datasets, sources & reuse terms

Each chart includes an HTML data table with observation dates, selected series and units. Histories identify annual or quarterly sampling and preserve missing values. The source metadata below describes the series used on this page; source coverage and definitions can differ.

Bank for International Settlements

Canada · United States

Central-bank policy-rate history · Central-bank total assets

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

BIS statistics terms apply: attribution, no implied endorsement and no additional charge for including BIS statistics. Dataset downloads are free.

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U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

United States

Core inflation, year over year · Headline inflation, year over year · Unemployment rate

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

BLS public-domain data; cite BLS. iPulse AI transformations are identified separately.

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Bank of Canada

Canada

Current policy rate

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

Bank of Canada content is available free from its website. Attribute the Bank, identify changes, preserve accuracy and disclose that the source data are available free when included in paid services. Third-party exceptions apply.

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International Monetary Fund

Canada · United States

Nominal GDP in US dollars · General-government gross debt relative to GDP · General-government gross debt in US dollars

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

IMF statistical-data terms apply, including attribution, accuracy and disclosure of material transformations. IMF directs potential commercial users to request permission; confirmation has not been obtained. The underlying data are available free from the IMF. No open licence or confirmed commercial permission is asserted.

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EODHD

Canada · United States

gdp growth annual · Ten-year government bond yield · Current policy rate · Policy-rate target lower bound

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

EODHD commercial data terms apply. Commercial reproduction rights have not been confirmed; chart or table access does not grant onward redistribution rights. Use is subject to the applicable EODHD agreement.

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OECD

Canada · United States

Consumer-price category index: Food and non-alcoholic beverages · Consumer-price category index: Alcohol and tobacco · Consumer-price category index: Clothing and footwear · Consumer-price category index: Housing and utilities · Consumer-price category index: Household furnishings · Consumer-price category index: Health · Consumer-price category index: Transport · Consumer-price category index: Information and communication · Consumer-price category index: Recreation and culture · Consumer-price category index: Education · Consumer-price category index: Restaurants and accommodation · Consumer-price category index: Insurance and financial services · Consumer-price category index: Personal care and other services · Core consumer price index · Consumer price index · Real GDP growth, quarter over quarter · Real GDP growth, year over year · Core inflation, year over year · Headline inflation, year over year · Unemployment rate · National broad money

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

OECD data reuse terms apply, including source attribution and any specific third-party notices. No blanket Creative Commons licence is asserted.

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World Bank / ILOSTAT

Canada · United States

Employment to population ratio, ages 15+ · Unemployment rate

Source data ↗

Data reuse terms

World Development Indicators labour series: CC BY 4.0 with World Bank additional terms. Cite World Bank and ILOSTAT and identify changes.

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Compiled by iPulse AI. Snapshot: 2026-11-15T04:56:25.234229+00:00.

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Inflation & consumer prices

Headline vs core inflation

The price of the consumer basket

CPI breakdown

Inside the consumer basket

Food and non-alcoholic beverages

Reading the inflation and price data

Employment & unemployment

Make Sense of the Data

Bank for International Settlements

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Bank of Canada

International Monetary Fund

EODHD

OECD

World Bank / ILOSTAT